What is CGH:
A cervicogenic headache is a headache that arises from the upper levels of the cervical spine, and surrounding soft tissue.
There are 7 total vertebrae that make up the cervical spine. The top 3 vertebrae (C1-C3) each have nerves that refer pain signals directly into the head. Neck trauma and whiplash, as well as spasm and tightness in the neck and shoulder muscles, can also increase pain signals in the area.
Symptoms of CGH:
Although CGH is harder than most other headaches to clearly diagnose, there are a few symptoms that may be linked to these style of headaches.
- Generally pain more dominant on one side of the head
- Restricted movement of the neck
- Associated neck pain
- Pain exacerbated by neck movements or certain postural positions
- Tenderness over the C1-C3 vertebrae
- Increased sensitivity in the neck / shoulder muscles (e.g. upper trapezius, elevator scapulae, scalenes, etc.)
- May have associated weakness and atrophy in the deep muscles of the neck, paired with overactive superficial muscles
Management of CGH:
Physiotherapy is considered first line care for CGH, utilising a mix of manual therapy and therapeutic exercises.
Manual therapy involves hands on treatment to help ease muscle tension in muscles of the neck, helping to modulate pain.
Manual therapy techniques are also used to mobilise the upper segments of the cervical spine.
Exercises are prescribed to target the neck and shoulder girdle muscles. Research has shown strengthening these muscles leads to greater pain relief and improved quality of life. Exercises can also help to strengthen the deep neck muscles, which weaken with pain, and improve neck function.
